Gas producer



L. NELSON.

GA S PRODUCER. APPLICATION FILED NOV.15. 19

1,408,465. I Patented ar-7,1922.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

ATT y- L.NE LSON.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPUCATION FILED Nov. \5. 1911.

4 $HEETS--SHEET 2.

V I O an) UUUUEHIIDUUD EIUEIEIUUU E]! QQQQQQ [:JEJDCIUUDUEH EJDENIIUUDUEU QQQQQQQEH A QQ L. NELSON.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 15, 19!].

1,408,465. Patented Mar 7,1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

VVE/VTO/Y;

W4 WWW M ATT L. NELSON. GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 15, 19!]- 1,408,465. Patented Mar. 7, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- 1 To all uih'omit may concern UNITED STA E PATENT OFFICE;

LIONEL NnLsomor wnnnme'ron, New ZEALAND- GAS rnonucnn. I 7

Application fiied'ndvember s', 1917. Serial No. 202,132.

ofthe British Empire, residing at Karori, city'oi Wellington, Dominion of New Zealand, has'invented certain new'and useful Improvements in Gas Producers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is for a method of and ap-' paratus for producing gas for internal combustion engines and like purposes "and" the object of the invention is tov convert the constituents of wood,,wood shavings fandthe like without first converting same into charcoal-and of bituminous non-caking coal and of fuel such as lignite peat-,a;nd theilike,"into a clean enriched gas free from tarry impurities suitable for the above p urposes. The invention consists inthe featuresand' combinations and arrangements of, parts hereinafter described and more particularly set forthin the claims.

The object of the invention is efi'ected'by ,arranging wood or .non-caking coalfor fuel such aslignite peat andthe li-ke in lumps or, .piecesso that there are air spa'ces betwe'en" thelumps or pieces," supplying where necess.

'sary 'the requisite quantity of moisture .(either water or steam), feeding the .fuel

. through theftop ofa preferably obl l 'g or oval generator effectually removing the ashes and drawing the gas down by suction throughthegrateof the generatorso that the tarry products areconsumed and partly used inenriching the gas produced.

. In the accompanyingv drawings illustrat-fl' ing the invention, 7 p Fig. 1 is a. sectional view taken approximately on the line D-D of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectionalv view )ffy.

Fig.1; J

Fig. 3 is a front view of a gas producer plant constructed in accordance with the Be it known that Lronnr, Nnnsom itizen the generator shell.. To keepltli e fuel clear of ash and clinker the fire grate 8 is rocked to and fro on lugs 29 meansofan agita- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. '7, 1922. I

V ated in the bottom part of .the gencratorl i 'supported-bylugs 29 riveted to the si'des'of tor connected to the grate 8 at one en'dand to a lever 30 at the other, a gland 31 (Fig.

on the generator 1 shell preventing fthe admission of air. Thescrubber '25 is a reetangular "compartment separated from the generator by a partition plate 32. This" plate 32 is gas-tightat the topqand both sidespbut-has an opening 83 at the-bottom toallow the gas toi'be drawn throughthe bricks or tiles, or pumice inthe scrubber 25 "theporous material being supported by; a grid 35. i i i Where two or more compartments are pm.

by partition plates such as 3,6- open; at top for bottom as required to allow the gasto flow up one'an'd down thenext orfvicefve'rsa. The scrubber} owing to: the confiparative cleannessoiffthej gas supplied from the gen er'ator; acts mainly asacooler as" welllas'a washer. An overflow pipe 37 'connectsjthe scrubber 25: with the water sealashpit 38.

grate 8under the partition 32and up through porous material 3 1 such as coke," broken 'vided for the scru r ey. a Separated Fresh or salt water is ,connec tedfto ithe sprayer 39 which is continually spraying the porous? material through which thehot gases flow, the water fiowinginto thewa'tersealed "ashpit 38.

An overflow' Qprevents the water inthev ashpit' from rising too high and the ashpit is further sealed bymeans of a seal plate 41 whichis secured in position or removed at short not ce by means of dogs, not shown.

'Onthe top plate 12 ofthe generator 1 is situated a. feeding] hopper j f damperl slide 44.- vent pipe 45 and test cook 46. Ahand starting fan 17 (Figs. 1 and 3) is connected to the top of the front plate of the gen erator-shell.

The scrubber 25 is connected to an engine, not shown, by means of an outlet pipe 48 which is connected by means of an atmospheric cook 49 and connecting pipes to the vent pipe 45. p 50 are provided forboth the generator 1 and scrubbers 25.

1 Cleaning doors 51' are provided on the scrubbers for the purpose of cleaning or emptying them; The distillation zone 17,

Separate top plates 42 and the combustion zone 18; the decomposition. 5

25 cock 4 9 and operate fan t? which forces air into and down through the incandescent fuel in generator. The resultant gas passes through the grate 8 and thence through the:

zone 19 and the ash zone 20 are shown approximately in their relative positions.

I111 the operationoi' the device, before starting up a new plant fill the ashpit 38 with water to the level of the overflow 40. Open the damper slide 44 in the flange of" the ,venthpipe 45. Next place paper, shavings, short sticks and the like on grate and 'set alight. This should be done through the door 27 and the door 28 should also be open for a while to allow sufiicient draught to ensure quick combustion. The bricks in these doors areleft loose but after the fire is Well alight, should be carefully replaced in posi-,

tion. The generator should next be gradually filled upwith short pieces of hard wood until half full of ash and charcoal, it should then be filled up with whatever fuel is to be used in the manner hereinbefore described. Afterflburning for another half orth'reequarl'ters of an hour the plant is ready for wor I.

turn on'scrubber water from sprayer 39. Shut the damper slide 44:, open atmospheric scrubber and atmospheric cock 49, and vent pipe 45 to the atmosphere. VVIIBI sufficient air has been thus supplied to raise the incandescent-fuel to the required temperature to [generate gas (which is ascertain id testmg the f gas at thetest cook 46) the engine shouldbe "started on benzine andrun for a f ew mlnutes till warmedfup,1 thenchanged over togas. Close atmospheric cock 49] before changingover, and change over each cylinder separately. During running it 'is better to fire the generator lightly andofften, ratherjthanto supply considerable ,quantr ties of fuel atlong intervals. Uniformity of size of fuel makes for greater v eflicieney. 45

The correct intervals for charging'g'enerator will depend on the amount of gas drawn ofi fromthe producer, but once each halgfzhour is a goodaverage. A water gauge glass (not :shown) is provided to show the amount" of "suction on the generator. The fluctuation on a this gauge should never exceed sixvi nches.

To raise gas proceed aS fOllOW St,-' See that the generator is fullof'fuel and When this limit is reached it shows that ashes'are accumulating in the generator and obstructing the free passage of the gas. When this occurs the grate agitator should be given a few sharp shakes causing the ashes to fall through the grate 8 into the ashpit 38, these ashesishould be removed as often asisjnecessary. Seethat the water in ashpit does not rise above overflow, owing to stoppa e of ipes, failure of pump and thelike. is is important. If thevvaterlin th e sealfiashpit I ,rises too high it may result inputting the fire out. The seal plate 41 is as a in the event or rough aveather to furtherseal the ashpit, WVhen shutting down see that enemtoris full offuel,jadjust darnperjsli 14110 give the correct amount of draught a'n cl shut ofi scrubber water, then stop engine. the inspection doors 26 off the facesaboutan v to keep the plant alight'whilst' stan'ding idle. Experience will show howmuch it is necessary to leave open the damper slide et tand also if more air is necessary through theinc banked; fires before commencing to foil engi'ne open the doors 27 and -28,' 'also'dainper slide 44m allow the fire todraw up well. When ready to generate gas, shut these and open atmospheric cock 44g and proceed in the" sam m nner as .de e bed'f f res m I-lclaim- 'ltielsa pre iee ashel a ratingsaid shell into a pair o paltit e ier r q mmim eae 1 pa me a jas u I pipe c m un i wi h he e e a r; a rip 'ommuni t e w hf l er bb an h aid" ve r pe, me n r f iie'j Pfi.

70 eighth of an'inch to adjmitthe air necessary" 15 spection doors 26. hen starting up from .ea iesl mpa n s a gene a e: nfant 9 11 ra lthei herf; ar i e omm n eat a 'b fiue a the ener f ven p pe, n m gas to flow fromsaid' 

